Referees, penalty goals and bugbears

By Sean Fagan / Expert

The great bugbears of rugby are penalty goals and the whim of a referee. Is that fair criticism, or is it simply the nature of rugby?

A reading of the match reports recounted in “The First Lions of Rugby” will reveal something astounding to the modern rugby world – in 1888 there was no provision allowing the taking of a shot at goal from a penalty ‘free kick’.

There were no kicks at goal during the 1888 Lions tour other than from conversion attempts, from fair catch ‘marks’, and drop goal shots in the run of play.

Infringements, deliberate or accidental, were generally ‘punished’ by the referee ordering a scrum, in or extreme cases, the giving of a free kick (but it could not score a goal).

The notion of introducing penalty goals had been raised through the 1880s, however it was argued taking points from an opponent’s accidental or technical infringement of the laws lacked honour (in terms of manliness and chivalry), while giving the referee power to penalise deliberate breaches meant players would play to the letter of the law (and often beyond it), rather than let the spirit of the game, gentlemanly conduct and their captain’s admonishing words guide their actions.

Nevertheless, the change came when it was successfully argued that the fear of the punishment of a penalty goal would “morally elevate” the increasing number of players who were bringing chaos, disorder and arguments to the playing field by abusing the self-governing system that had served the game since its framing as a tool of “muscular Christianity” under Thomas Arnold at Rugby School.

Long forgotten, particularly by those that prefer the ball-in-hand try-scoring rugby game, is that there was another reason in favour of introducing penalty goals, as one commentator explained at the time.

“One of the greatest objections which has hitherto been made against rugby football is that it is not so much ‘foot-ball’ as ‘hand-ball’, and it is manifest that the persons who drew up the revised rules have borne this fact in mind…It can be seen that in future ‘kicking teams’ will have a great advantage over their opponents who are weaker in this respect. “

One can point out that the manner of taking of penalty goals today takes away too much time from the game, and that referees have a propensity to become too technical in their officiating (when they ought perhaps let the game flow, by ignoring infringements that do not give the transgressor and his team any benefit), but penalty goals are intended as a deterrent to deliberate foul play, and are a legitimate outcome from having won territory from the opposition.

There is no doubt that the law-makers of late 1888 knew the effect adding penalty goals would have on how the game was played and won, and what it would do the position and influence of the referee within the game.

“In former days,” our commentator continued, “when the rules did not give him half as much power, his office was by no means a bed of roses; but now, like the policemen in ‘The Pirates of Penzance’, it is certain a referee’s life is not a happy one.”

Nor is it a “happy lot” for the team that is left ruing missed penalty goal attempts. Coming to a game fully-armed with a sure and true goal kicking ‘cannon’ is an advantage.

A great penalty goal, either at the end of a game to win it, or simply for the distance it traverses, can be a lasting-memory.

And what is wrong with that? After all, rugby is still firmly a breed of foot-ball isn’t it?

The Crowd Says:

2013-06-24T01:16:25+00:00

Rebel

Guest


Yet there are more drop goals in league. Go figure.

2013-06-23T22:46:17+00:00

pogo

Guest


Well one reason would be that in league you're less likely to lose the ball if you take the tap, as long as you don't drop it you get six more tackles. In rugby you could be robbed at the first breakdown, it's more of a risk. But yeah I reckon they might go for a few more tries if kicks were worth less points.

2013-06-23T22:20:02+00:00

warren

Guest


Give that to me again?? Why then in RL when they get a penalty even in front most of the time they will look to tap kick and to a score try? Your argument makes no sense. Rugby Union in this country unlike most in the world is competing against 3 other football codes. It is running last in the key areas of participation, TV audiences, attendances and finances. Ever wonder why?

2013-06-23T21:42:18+00:00

JeffRo

Roar Pro


While I understand the frustration of fans at the interpretation of ref calls, I don't think the ref is to blame in this regard on most occasions. Take the scrum for example, the front rows are fully professional highly paid players, but it is they who collapse the scrum, not the ref. If the ref see's what he considers an infringement at a collapse, the laws instruct him to to sanction the offending player. But at the end of the game, I never hear a chorus of criticism for the front rows, who can't perform a basic of their role. The focus needs to shift from the ref's decision after a collapsed scrum, to why does it happen so often, perhaps then a long term solution will be found.

2013-06-23T16:38:38+00:00

Dublin Dave

Guest


Ah this takes me back. I think it was at the time of the last Lions tour to Ausralia (2001) that I first came across a similar site to this with many of the same contributors (Spiro, jameswm, PeterK) and started polite discussions on the differing viewpoints from opposite ends of the world. I think one of the first items of strenuous disagreement centred on the value of the drop goal. Many Australians seem to think it should be reduced. I disagreed then and still do. I will resist the opportunity to reiterate longwinded old arguments on points values; just make the simple one against reducing the value of a kick. If you narrow the scoring options to one method, the try, you also simplify the task of defence by focussing all its efforts on stopping that one scoring method. The unintended result is fewer scores of any type. As for the influence of the referee on the contest: this is always going to be an issue in a complex and potentially violent game like rugby. But there are a few things we could do. The first is let's give the bloody referees a chance. Stop fecking around with the laws or their interpretation every few years or so. Give them a chance to bed down so that coaches and players can learn to adapt tactically to the inevitable changing trends in the game. There is always the temptation to tweak laws to prevent some new innovation in play. The problem in doing that is that you not only have to get the A-list of top referees who handle test, super Rugby and Heineken Cup on side, you also have to ensure that all those changes are permeated across the world down through the playing ranks until you finally get to the "Dads with whistles" who referee kids and junior matches. People like me, in other words :) Where, after all, is the next generation of players going to learn the game? We all have to be singing from, or at least whistling to, the same hymn sheet.

2013-06-23T15:26:02+00:00

bennalong

Guest


AFL players would take a long range drop kick every time!

2013-06-23T15:23:44+00:00

bennalong

Guest


Try soccer! Decided frequenly 1-0 down to a single penalty goal, or worse.... a single penalty shootout

2013-06-23T15:18:56+00:00

bennalong

Guest


Sheek and Blinky Not sure what's happened to you two Having just watched a fantastic contest with momentum shifting back and forth, great commitment and some fine displays of individual skills, you both agree on the poor standard of todays rugby players and blame all the games problems on them ! ! ! WTF???I can't believe it ! By all means praise Folau's exceptional skills (they were exceptional in League too) But don't go bashing union players. I'm disappointed in you both.

2013-06-23T13:03:50+00:00

Calum

Guest


@ajax - Because he didn't take the defender out? I realise that is a bit of facetious thing to say but it is true. It's not like league where the guy just needs to gently tap the guy (complete with requesit fall over by the defender as if he has been crashed into) for the ref / video ref to consider it obstruction. Basically the defender (think hooper but was loosing track by this stage!) bought the dummy runner all day long - shame for hooper but well worked by the lions who clearly targeted that move at him. As a by the by - love union but it is not moaning to say that things need to change. First, the scrums have to change. At the very least the clock needs to stop. It is ludicrous that the clock is ticking down all the way through the interminable resets etc. second, couldn't agree more that the contest for the breakdown is really the heart of rugby union but It would be nice to get a bit more consistency in the reffing of it.

2013-06-23T12:29:17+00:00

Johnno

Guest


If that happened Hosey G, it would be much harder to get the long distance penalties. And help the team doing all the fouls.

2013-06-23T12:10:44+00:00

Hosey G

Guest


How about penalties be taken by drop kick rather than off the kicking tee. And there really does need to be another ref marking the off side line so defenders don't creep up offiside.

2013-06-23T12:03:00+00:00

Hosey G

Guest


Spot on.

2013-06-23T11:45:08+00:00

reality bites

Guest


I do love rugby, but the way penalties are awarded is illogical. When each penalty is based on 'perception' not fact, you have a lottery. It must be frustrating for players who are trying to constructively compete for the ball to be penalised. There are some cynical penalties, which are never in doubt . So, once again here are the problems: Scrums: The only facet in rugby in which the dominant team automatically receives a penalty. Can you imagine if each win against the throw in the lineout equated to a penalty? If each dominant tackle was given a penalty? In which each counter ruck was given a penalty? Well that's what happens at the scrum Breakdown: Players competing for the ball are NOT cheating. On the one hand we claim union to be all about the contest for possession, than we call players 'cheats' for doing so. Crazy. The solution: Bring back the ELVS. Penalties should be given for foul play, offside, cynical play or repeated infringements only. The ELVS worked (in the eyes of the players and fans), and were killed off for political reasons only. They must be reinstated and will be sooner or later. Let's not forget that humans are inherently irrational and will oppose change as an emotional, not rational response. Who was it that said the earth wasn't the centre of the universe? How did society respond to the theory of evolution? Even DNA testing was the subject of much vitriole. The ELVS are rugby's evolution, it may take 20 years, but eventually, as history has shown, logic will prevail.

2013-06-23T11:34:02+00:00

reality bites

Guest


"They know the rules and choose to break them". Utter hogwash. The majority of penalties do not stem from broken rules, cheating or any such thing. Was O'Driscoll cheating when the referee accused him of not supporting his own bodyweight? Was Ben Robinson cheating when the first scrum collapsed? Was the B&I scrum cheating when they were penalised at the end of the match? No, no, and no. Of course scrums are a law into themselves as the referee penalises the team which is 'weaker' not necessarily because they have cheated or infringed, but just because they have been dominated. But clearly at the breakdown there are many instances of players doing the right thing, but for some reason being pinged. Penalties will stop being awarded when players stop trying to play, and no they are not a deterent.

2013-06-23T11:11:21+00:00

Bakkies

Guest


Ajax in regards to the advantage. It cost the Lions a penalty when he called off an advantage for offside even though they had made no territory. A try was scored at the other end. That could have been the difference in the end. The way the advantage is refereed these days it's a problem. In the past the NH refs were criticised for not properly playing advantage. It's now happening on the other side of the world.

2013-06-23T11:08:46+00:00

Bakkies

Guest


and Basketball. Free throws from fouls. Easy points but often players miss.

2013-06-23T11:06:56+00:00

Bakkies

Guest


The difference in Rugby is that you have to hold on to the ball. If you drop it after 10 phases and come away with nought you might as well take the points. So many close games have been decided recently by players kicking the corner and getting nothing. Taking the points is a sign of respect. If you kick for the corner from the beginning the opposition will think you are arrogant and don't respect them. How many matches has that cost the Reds lately by not taking the points? In League you kick it in to the goal to force another set or cross kick to the corner. So many tries are scored in League off kicks or by getting repetitive sets of six.

2013-06-23T10:55:22+00:00

Ajax

Guest


re the critisism of the ref, I thought he was the main reason the game was so enthralling to watch.. he let the game flow, played advantage.. sure some calls didnt go the Lions way.. but they didnt all go Australia's way either for example, why wasnt O'Driscoll called for obstruction when he took out our defender for their second try? I thought the rules in union stated dummy runners cannot run in front of the ball carrier? If Brian O doesnt take out our defender, they dont get that second try, simple.

2013-06-23T10:24:39+00:00

GWS

Guest


Visionary

2013-06-23T09:59:24+00:00

Bearfax

Guest


The criticism is against the refereeing not the game. And its not suggesting bias. Its suggesting that the game would be even better if teams were looking to score tries rather than force penalties. The game itself was very entertaining and I'm not criticising the basic structure of the game. I'm saying that referees should have as little to do with the process as possible. I know with League, the best games are those where the ref allows the game to flow and you are barely aware that they are there. Penalise blatantly illegal play certainly. But lets get away from these discretionary technical flaws that result in 3 more points on the score board while such things as blatant forward passes are ignored.. And further this has nothing to do with who wins, its to do with making tries what the game is about.

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