Who really knows what makes a good leader? How easy are they to identify?
Take the case of Arthur Beetson in rugby league. At the time he was first appointed as Eastern Suburbs captain in 1974, no-one considered ‘meat-pie Artie’ a leader in anything other than the consumption of hamburgers. He was lazy and he was overweight and he was not a role model for any young player at his club.
However, the new coach at the club that year, Jack Gibson, had just finished reading a book entitled Problem Athletes and how to Handle Them, written by a couple of sports psychologists based in San Jose, California – Bruce Ogilvie and Thomas Tutko.
The book was popular among NFL coaches at the time (Gibson read it on the advice of San Francisco 49ers coach Dick Nolan) and contained a 190-point multiple-choice questionnaire designed to assess the psychological suitability of candidates for leadership roles within a sporting team.
The test was a real mouthful – it was called the ‘Athletic Motivational Inventory’ but that quickly got reduced to ‘the Instrument’ by the coaches who used it. It was also a real mindful, measuring no less than eleven basic personality traits:
In other words, it was similar to the research Spiro mentioned by Sam Walker in his recent column. The difference is that Ogilvie and Tutko’s work was far more practical and comprehensive, and it was utilised by active coaches working in the real world of sport.
The questionnaire broke down personality structures and identified those most likely to succeed or lead, and Artie Beetson scored 100 per cent on it – a feat that had never been achieved previously anywhere in the world (even in America).
So it was that a player never before considered as captaincy material became one of the great captains.
In the world of modern professional rugby, the process has been taken on a few more notches, and coaches look for a core group of five or six leaders within the team. Between them, those players take care of particular areas within the side (such as scrum, lineout or defence) and take ownership of the playing direction on the field.
I have no idea whether Michael Cheika uses ‘the Instrument’ or anything like it to make his selections, but when he announced Michael Hooper as Wallabies captain last week, it would have been in the full knowledge that leadership responsibility would be shared, and that captains are where you find them.
Cheika has name-checked six individuals in his leadership group. This is how they line up against their All Black counterparts ahead of the first Bledisloe game on 19 August.
Wallaby Leader | All Black Leader | Area | Caps |
Michael Hooper | Kieran Read | Captain | 68/100 |
Allan Alaalatoa | Owen Franks | Scrum | 12/94 |
Adam Coleman | Sam Whitelock | Lineout | 12/88 |
Will Genia | Aaron Smith | Tactical direction | 78/62 |
Bernard Foley | Beauden Barrett | Tactical direction | 45/53 |
Samu Kerevi | Ryan Crotty | Defence | 8/27 |
The main difference is experience. The All Blacks average 71 caps to 37 caps in the Wallaby leadership group, and the discrepancy is most marked in the areas of set-piece and defence.
The lack of experience in these areas could be a real concern – for example, if Allan Alaalatoa was indeed the scrum leader in the June game against Italy, then he (possibly along with Tatafu Polota-Nau) wasn’t able to fix the issues that arose in the course of a match where Australia conceded seven penalties and one yellow card in that one area – even if the problems didn’t occur on his side of the scrum.
The Wallaby leadership group is young and untried and we will have to wait and see whether Cheika has discovered his own Artie Beetsons over the course of the next two seasons, leading up to the World Cup in Japan 2019.
While Michael Hooper has it all to prove at the tip of that Australian leadership group – and as an interface with the referee – he has very little to prove as an openside flanker in the international arena.
I took a look back at the Wallabies’ most challenging game in the June series, against Scotland, to check whether the most common myths about his playing style have any basis in fact.
The most prominent among those criticisms is that Hooper tends to play wide, away from the centre of the action and lacks physicality in contact.
Here are the results of that research in attack:
Zone | Midfield – between the 15s | Midfield clean breaks | Wide – outside 15m lines | Wide clean breaks |
Hooper on attack | 47 | 3 | 30 | 0 |
And on defence:
Zone | Midfield – between the 15s | Midfield turnovers/disruptions | Wide – outside 15m lines | Wide turnovers/disruptions |
Hooper on defence | 63 | 2/1 | 10 | 0/2 |
Sixty-one per cent of Hooper’s activity on attack, and 86 per cent of his involvements on defence, occur in the middle of the field. Moreover, all five of his significant involvements (three clean breaks and two turnovers in contact) went through the middle of the field. They did not occur out wide.
If we break down Hooper’s involvement in the Australian attack, it becomes clear that his role varies, depending on where the Wallabies are on the field. In midfield – what is often called the ‘blue zone’ roughly between the two 40-metre lines – they open out their offence into the ‘1-3-3-1’ structure.
This means that there are two pods of tight forwards plus one of the back-rowers operating in between the two 15-metre lines, with the other two back-row players split wide, one to either side of the field:
In the first frame, Hooper is out on the right, in the second he is on the left with Scott Higginbotham shifting out towards the sideline. The tight forwards along with Ned Hanigan are grouped together in midfield to do the heavy ball-carrying, with Hooper and Higginbotham adding support to the ball when the movement goes wide.
The same is not true of Hooper’s positioning when play is in the Wallaby ‘green zone’ in their own end, or the ‘red zone’ in their opponents’.
In the area around the Australian 22, Michael Hooper moves into midfield to play with the forwards or become a one-off ball-carrier:
In the first frame, Hooper has moved into a pod with Sam Carter and Tatafu Polota-Nau to become a ‘hard yards’ ball-carrier, in the second he is used as the decoy for a second man play between Bernard Foley and Karmichael Hunt. The third shot shows him breaking out from the back of a driving maul against loose Scottish fringe defence.
Hooper also moves inside to play off either nine or ten when the Wallabies get close to the opposition 22-metre zone:
Whether he is playing in the middle of a pod with two other forwards, off Will Genia or Bernard Foley, or on the pick and go from the base of the previous ruck, Michael Hooper is definitely not playing on the edge of the field – he is literally right in the thick of the action!
On the defensive side of the ball, you often expect to find the most reliable tacklers at number seven and number 12.
In several previous articles, Nathan Grey’s positioning of Michael Hooper in the ten channel from lineout has been highlighted. In general, Grey likes to have Hooper opposite the first receiver in order to have him shoot up and crush the passer:
One of Hooper’s greatest assets is his ability to reload quickly and make multiple tackles within a short series of phases while tackling forwards and backs with equal facility.
The second and third frames show him tackling two front-row forwards and flattening two backs on the ‘shoot’ in the other two. All four tackles occur within a total of five phases and the last ended with a turnover squeezed out of the pressure via a forward pass.
In longer sequences, Grey will also have Hooper shoot up on the second receiver:
Here, the pressure in the tackle forces a mistake out of Scotland second-rower Ben Toolis, who throws an uncontrolled pass back at Taylor, resulting in a knock forward and a scrum to Australia.
Summary
It’s hard to know where misconceptions, and the bigger myths built around them, really start. Often it can be something as simple as a player looking too small, or having the wrong kind of hairstyle, or originating from the wrong part of the country.
Michael Hooper plays where, and how, the Wallabies’ systems on offence and defence require him to play, and his contributions to the cause have to be seen within that perspective.
Most of the time, those systems require him to be in the middle part of the field, and he is very effective both as a ball-carrier and a defender in that position.
Given his impact in the tackle, it is easy to see where the ideas of having him defend at ten from lineouts, and selecting David Pocock to jackal over the top of him from the same back-row, were born.
Were Amanaki Mafi available from the Rebels at number eight, a back-row of Hooper, Mafi and Scott Fardy would be ideal for the Rugby Championship. But a choice of Lopeti Timani and Sean McMahon in the place of Mafi and Fardy is not too shabby at all.
Leadership is another kettle of fish. There are Artie Beetsons out there waiting to be discovered, and they do not always have the habits we expect to see in a leader.
The forthcoming Rugby Championship will tell us a lot about whether Michael Cheika mas made the right choices in such a youthful leadership group – and whether they will sustain the national side all the way to 2019.
Daniel Jeffrey
Editor
Hi everyone. Unfortunately, we've had to close comments on this article, as the discussion has veered off topic.
jimmyjames
Guest
If you check out the Timani highlights package on youtube (there is only one), he is quite effective over the ball. Though it's mostly NRC level, I think it's indicative of his ability in that area of the game. I hope they pick Timani (with Hooper and McMahon) with a view to playing him tight (no running outside Foley). He's not as dynamic as Kepu or Palu and is not as effective in the loose, but you would not need to be with Hooper and McMahon. He can add a lot of physicality and stick around the ruck. It would be much harder for the ABs to shift his body ruck after ruck then Hanigan or any of the other lightweight backrowers in the squad.
Yabba
Guest
jacko, What you may not realise, but most of the other readers of this do, is that Nicholas just, very gently, pointed out that you are amateur at game analysis, and that your observations are facile, and actually worthless. He pwned you, but you don't have the wit to see it.
Crash Ball2
Guest
Thanks CT. I never personally met the man or his family, but have heard similar stories from people, like yourself, who have. The overwhelming consensus was that the rugged, uncompromising demeanour, and almost reverential gravitas, Beetson appeared to wield on the pitch was augmented by a subtle and conscientious manner off it. To my mind; key hallmarks of a consummate leader of men.
Bakkies
Guest
'And this is why Hooper backed Beale – he in fact had done nothing wrong, apart from saying something silly on the flight.' Then why was he fined 45K?
Wal
Roar Guru
7 has become a bit of a horses for courses role depending the rest of the team's needs. Sam Cane performs his role with eh AB's perfectly but most teams would probably pick Savea first. But that said in no particular order and based on my very scientific gut feel, Pocock O'Brien (having overtaken Warburton) Savea Hooper Cane
Drongo
Guest
Our best players get criticised the most. Hooper, Folau, Pocock, Cooper, Genia. And our coach as well. And much of it come from posters who don't have our best interests at heart. They don't support Australian rugby or the Wallabies. They want to bring the reputations of our best players down. Articles like this dispel the myths perpetrated by these individuals. We now need one on Folau.
Bakkies
Guest
Senior played with Andries Bekker father Hennie. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=azEd764-OW8
Bakkies
Guest
Burger is a lot more chilled on the pitch these days. It is true that he has done some stupid things like eye gouging Luke Fitzgerald, giving the touch judge the bird and there was a period where he was regularly collecting yellow cards. One of those players you have to see live. Was at the Barbarians match in 2008 against the Wallabies at Wembley. He was in a backrow with Collins and McCaw. Have to say he was the standout on the pitch that night. You don't realise how hard he runs and hit until you see him play watching in the stands.
soapit
Guest
given the above win loss isnt a good measure. i wonder what the for and against comes out like? (no idea - just would be more meaningful to look at)
soapit
Guest
yeah i just think its the third one that he's by far more effective at working as a blind winger typically would whereas i see the first two more as whats needed from a forward.
soapit
Guest
yeah its subtle. in the quotes beale gets 100% support but mclenzie get a "we support everyone in the squad" sidestep. can certainly be seen a number of ways. thats the extent of it beyond hearsay i believe
Carlos the Argie
Guest
We will be at the track and field Friday and Saturday.
Bob Wire
Guest
Those were the days..
mzilikazi
Guest
Thanks Nic, I did not know that bit of history behind Back's rise to being a key member of that great England team. The more I hear of Phil Larder, the more I realise how important he was to England.
Bring Back...?
Guest
Hope that's right re signing with the Reds. I worked with a brother of one of the players in the Macqueen era and he said the feeling was Finegan was first picked - perhaps exaggerated to make a point. But Cockbain was another one of those players - the team seemed to just play better when he was in it.
Nicholas Bishop
Expert
Yes, very wet at the Athletics WC tonight too...
Carlos the Argie
Guest
Jet lagged and wet. Very wet.
Nicholas Bishop
Expert
Hi Jez I've seen some improvement in his work over the ball in the last eighteen months or so, and it's made him a more complete player (and let's face it there are things he can do with ball in hand that other 7's - bar maybe Ardie - can only dream about). There was one failed cleanout in the Scotland game (versus John Barclay) though not as many as his bigger B/R colleagues interestingly.
jeznez
Roar Guru
Thanks Nick. I rate the guy (particularly in Pocock's absence) His main issue for me is that he can be easily cleaned out when protecting attacking ball, can be a meerkat at scrum time and is less effective in slowing opposition Ball. Otherwise he is a defensive beast, carries phenomenally tight and wide, is a decent turnover merchant and is so fit and so fast that he turns up so many times in a match. I wish most of our squad had his ability and passion.